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Innovative start-ups are central to economic dynamism and the mastering of societal challenges such as climate change – they turn ideas into marketable products without having to consider the cannibalisation of existing products. At the same time, the EU and Austria lag behind countries such as the USA in the presence and growth dynamics of such start-ups. More economic research is needed to inform economic policies aiming at counteracting this trend. The literature emphasises the lack of holistic approaches to start-up analysis. This research project has the opportunity to follow the start-ups of the Venture Capital Fund of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria in real time and thereby obtain unique data.

In October 2022, the Austrian government has introduced a national price for CO2 emissions from energy use in the sectors not covered by the EU Emission Trading System. The carbon price has been introduced in the context of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) and represents the core of an ecological tax reform (so-called "eco-social tax reform"), with tax revenues being recycled to households via regionally differentiated lump-sum payments ("climate bonus payments") and to firms via compensation measures for exposed industry as well as for agriculture and forestry. The project aims at assessing the impact of this carbon price and the related climate bonus and firm compensation payments at the level of Austrian federal provinces. The envisaged analysis with the macroeconomic model ASCANIO will deliver insights into the effects on regional CO2 emissions, GRP, employment, and income distribution.

Together with Institute for Advanced Studies (IHS) and Joanneum Research Policies, WIFO calculates the economic impact of FWF-funded basic research. In a first step, a survey, patent and publication data analyses as well as case studies are used to trace different economic effects, such as registered inventions, company start-ups or the production of new measuring instruments. In the second step, short-, medium- and long-term effects of the funded projects on productivity, value added and tax revenue are modelled.

The purpose of this project is to estimate the impact of the capital and operation expenditures causally linkable to the Future Circular Collider phase 1 (FCC-ee, electron-positron collider) onto the labour market in terms of indirect and induced number of jobs for different activity sectors and, as far as reasonably possible, in different regions of the world and selected countries to be agreed.

Aufbauend auf vorangegangenen Untersuchungen konzentriert sich das Projekt auf die Auswirkung der gestiegenen geopolitischen Unsicherheit und der Digitalisierung auf Warenströme und in weiterer Folge auf den Modal-Split im Gütertransport in der österreichischen Eisen- und Stahlindustrie. Zunächst wird die Entwicklung der Eisen- und Stahlindustrie in Österreich, mögliche geografische Konzentrationsmuster, ihre Standortgebundenheit, sowie nationale und international Verflechtungen mit anderen Industriezweigen dargestellt. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen werden die Auswirkungen langfristiger, struktureller Trends, wie etwa eine zunehmende Regionalisierung, Digitalisierung oder Dekarbonisierung, auf die Standortwahl, Produktion und Nachfrage nach Gütertransportverkehr und dem Modal-Split untersucht.

Climate change is one of today's grand challenges. The EU has committed itself to ambitious emission reduction targets: for 2020 and 2030, the EU aims at reducing its greenhouse gas emissions compared to 1990 by 20 percent and 40 percent, respectively, for 2050 an emission reduction by at least 80 percent is strived for. For large emitters in industry and energy generation the EU has established the European Emission Trading System (EU ETS) in 2005 defining an EU-wide reduction target. Emissions from other sources, most notably from the household and transport sectors, are instead regulated at EU member countries level and should be reduced by 30 percent by 2030, with differentiated reduction targets for the individual EU member countries. To achieve the emission reduction targets in the Non-ETS sectors the issue of carbon pricing has recently gained in momentum in the political discussion at EU as well as at EU member countries level. The project SoMBI focuses on two research questions: What are the effects of an EU-wide carbon price for the Non-ETS sectors that allows achieving the 30 percent reduction target in different EU member countries? What are the effects of different revenue recycling options in the EU member countries? To answer these questions, we perform a model-based analysis with the new ADAGIO-DYNK model. The CO₂ price necessary to achieve the 30 percent EU-wide reduction target for the Non-ETS sectors is estimated. Also, detailed results for two case study countries are discussed. The countries (Austria and Poland) differ considerably in terms of the structure of their energy systems and economies. First, we focus on the macroeconomic, emission and distributional impacts of the tax. Then, the effects of different revenue recycling options are assessed and policy recommendations for the introduction of a carbon tax are developed.